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 HBV mutation literature information.


  Detection of YMDD motif mutants by oligonucleotide chips in lamivudine-untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
 PMID: 15308845       2004       Journal of Korean medical science
Abstract: Serum samples were tested by the oligonucleotide chips designed for detection of wild-type YMDD motif, M552V and M552I.
Introduction: The most common mutants have a change at codon 552 from M to V (M552V) or from M to I (M552I).


  Efficacy of alpha interferon therapy for lamivudine resistance in chronic hepatitis B.
 PMID: 15311721       2004       International journal of clinical practice
Abstract: Genotypic analysis showed M552V, M552I and L528M mutations.


  [Detection and identification of emergence of HBV YMDD motif mutation during lamivudine treatment by hybridization to an oligonucleotide array].
 PMID: 15340547       2003       Zhonghua shi yan he lin chuang bing du xue za zhi
Abstract: By direct sequencing of the PCR products, 11 cases were found to have YVDD with adenine741 changed into cytidine resulted in methionine552 changed into valine in which 6 cases with adenine669 changed into cytidine and leucine changed into methionine, 10 cases had YIDD motif mutation with guanosine743 altered thymidine methionine552 changed into isoleucine, including 3 cases with thymidine281 changed into cytidine and leucine565 altered proline.


  Efficacy of combined lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil treatment for severe HBV graft reinfection after living donor liver transplantation.
 PMID: 14756274       2003       Clinical transplantation
Abstract: Hepatitis B virus sequence analysis revealed several mutations in the polymerase gene (L528M, M552I, M552V) as well as in the surface gene region encoding the immunogenic major hydrophilic loop of the small surface protein (G130N, M133T, D144G).


  Subclones of drug-resistant hepatitis B virus mutants and the outcome of breakthrough hepatitis in patients treated with lamivudine.
 PMID: 14688451       2003       Intervirology
Abstract: Major HBV mutants during breakthrough hepatitis were those with M552I in the YMDD motif of viral DNA polymerase/reverse transcriptase in 7 patients (54%), M552I/L528M in 4 patients (31%) and M552V/L528M in 2 patients (15%).


  Evolution of wild type and mutants of the YMDD motif of hepatitis B virus polymerase during lamivudine therapy.
 PMID: 14675262       2003       Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
Abstract: M552I was detected before therapy in one patient but M552V became the domain strain after therapy.
Abstract: The replication ability of the M552V mutant strain might be stronger than that of the M552I mutant strain.


  [Natural YMDD motif mutations of HBV polymerase in the chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients].
 PMID: 12657823       2003       Taehan Kan Hakhoe chi
Abstract: To detect YMDD mutants, YVDD (M552V), and YIDD (M552I), we used direct sequencing and the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method.


  Genotypic and phenotypic resistance: longitudinal and sequential analysis of hepatitis B virus polymerase mutations in patients with lamivudine resistance after liver transplantation.
 PMID: 12526951       2003       The American journal of gastroenterology
Abstract: METHODS: Sequential serum samples from 10 consecutive patients with lamivudine resistance after liver transplantation were analyzed for viral genotype, precore mutants, and viral polymerase gene mutants (L528M, M552V, M552I) using restriction fragment length polymorphism.


  Novel nucleoside analogue MCC-478 (LY582563) is effective against wild-type or lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus.
 PMID: 12121939       2002       Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: The MCC-478 EC(50)s were 0.027 microM for wild-type HBV (about 20 times more efficient than lamivudine), 2.6 microM for M552I, 3.3 microM for M552V, and 2.0 microM for L528M/M552V.
Abstract: The emergence of resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) with the L528M mutation and/or the M552V and M552I mutations in the polymerase gene following long-term lamivudine treatment is becoming an important clinical problem.
Abstract: The susceptibility of wild-type HBV and lamivudine-resistant mutants (M552I, M552V, and L528M/M552V) to MCC-478 was examined by transient tr


  Molecular modeling and biochemical characterization reveal the mechanism of hepatitis B virus polymerase resistance to lamivudine (3TC) and emtricitabine (FTC).
 PMID: 11312349       2001       Journal of virology
Abstract: Specifically, steric conflict between the Cgamma2-methyl group of Ile or Val at position 552 in HBV polymerase and the sulfur atom in the oxathiolane ring (common to both beta-L-nucleoside analogs lamivudine and emtricitabine) is proposed to account for the resistance observed upon Met552Ile/Val mutation.
Abstract: The effects of Leu528Met, Met552Ile, and Met552Val mutations on the binding of HBV polymerase inhibitors and the natural substrate dCTP were evaluated using an in vitro HBV polymerase assay.
Abstract: The predominant lamivudine resistance mutations in HBV-infected patients are Met552IIe and Met552Val (Met552Ile/Val), frequentl



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