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 HBV mutation literature information.


  Occult hepatitis B virus infection and S gene escape mutants in HIV-infected patients after hepatitis B virus vaccination.
 PMID: 26384943       2016       International journal of STD & AIDS
Abstract: Glycine to arginine mutation at residue 145 (G145R) within the 'a' region of the S gene was detected in one of the occult HBV infection cases who was in the non-responder group.


  High Burden of HBV-Infection and Atypical HBV Strains among HIV-infected Cameroonians.
 PMID: 26419862       2016       Current HIV research
Abstract: Of note, one HBV variant carried the vaccine-escape mutation G145R that hinders HBsAg neutralization by antibodies.


  Clearance of HBV DNA in immunized children born to HBsAg-positive mothers, years after being diagnosed with occult HBV infection.
 PMID: 26598112       2016       Journal of viral hepatitis
Abstract: The only still OBI-positive patient had an HBV DNA level of 50 copy/mL, carried the G145R mutation when tested in 2009 and again in 2013 in the 'a' determinant region of the surface protein.


  Mutations in the S gene and in the overlapping reverse transcriptase region in chronic hepatitis B Chinese patients with coexistence of HBsAg and anti-HBs.
 PMID: 26613893       2016       The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases
1Abstract: Mutation sI126S/T within the ""a"" determinant was the most frequent change, and only patients from group I had the sQ129R, sG130N, sF134I, sG145R amino acid changes, which are known to alter immunogenicity."


  Reactivation of resolved hepatitis B virus infection with immune escape mutations after long-term corticosteroid therapy.
 PMID: 26919858       2016       Clinical journal of gastroenterology
Abstract: Interestingly, it had the immune escape mutations P120A and G145R in the S gene.


  Surface gene variants of hepatitis B Virus in Saudi Patients.
 PMID: 26997220       2016       Saudi journal of gastroenterology
1Abstract: Two amino acid changes were recorded in ""a"" determinant, including F130L and S135F with no evidence of the vaccine escape mutant G145R in any of the samples."
5Result: No record for the well-established ""vaccine escape"" mutant G145R was observed in any of the sequenced samples."
Discussion: Although our phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that all viral strains in Saudi Arabia are members of genotype D [Figure 1], none of these strains showed the existence of G145R mutation.


  Serologic and molecular characteristics of hepatitis B virus infection in vaccinated schizophrenia patients in China.
 PMID: 27131009       2016       Journal of infection in developing countries
Abstract: Moreover, one HBV strain in the schizophrenia group presented I126S vaccine escape mutation (5.88%), while three HBV isolates showed Q129H, M133L, and G145R vaccine escape mutations in the control group (6.81%).


  Occult HBV Infection in Immunized Neonates Born to HBsAg-Positive Mothers: A Prospective and Follow-Up Study.
 PMID: 27835694       2016       PloS one
Abstract: S-escape mutant, G145R, was not discovered.
Result: The most common immune escape mutation, G145R, was found in none.
Discussion: S-escape mutants, such as G145R, unrecognized by diagnostic kits, may account for the absence of HBsAg observed in some cases.


  Genotyping and Mutation Pattern in the Overlapping MHR Region of HBV Isolates in Southern Khorasan, Eastern Iran.
 PMID: 27882062       2016       Hepatitis monthly
Discussion: Avellon reported M133T (2.2%), Q129H, M133I, F/Y134N (1.8%), F/Y134L, G145A (1.5%), and P120T (1.1%) as the most frequent mutations of S region, while G145R was found at a frequency of less than 1% (0.4%), while among them just Q129H was found in the current study.
Discussion: In another study in Iran, P120T/S and R122K/T were found in 4% of patients, and G145R was found only in one case; which none of them occurred in the current project.
Discussion: Sayan reported multiple HBV vaccine-escape


  Impact of Universal Hepatitis B Vaccination on Prevalence, Infection-Associated Morbidity and Mortality, and Circulation of Immune Escape Variants in Russia.
 PMID: 27280884       2016       PloS one
Table: G145R/A



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