4Method: The S gene sequence was analyzed for mutations in the ""a"" determinant region (T116 N, P120S/T, I/T126S/A, Q129H/R, M133 L/T, K141E, P142S, D144E, and G145R), and other virulence associated mutations (N3S, V184A, and S204R)."
Temporal trend of hepatitis B surface mutations in the post-immunization period: 9 years of surveillance (2005-2013) in eastern China.
Result: Eight types of these mutations (I126S, I126N, Q129H, S143L, D144A, D144E, G145A, and G145R) had demonstrated low ability to bind antibodies and were identified as VEMs previously.
Table: D144E
Discussion: Four other types of VEMs (Q129H, S143L, D144A, D144E), which were known to be associated with virus secretion and lower reactivity in HBsAg assays, were also detected.
Hepatitis B genotypes and surface antigen mutants present in Pakistani blood donors.
Abstract: Specifically, the incidence of five OBI-related major hydrophilic region mutations (sS117T, sT118K, sT131N, sT134Y/L, and sD144E) was significantly higher in blood donors with OBI than in controls.
HIV therapy with unknown HBV status is responsible for higher rate of HBV genome variability in Ethiopia.
Abstract: In particular, the 'a' determinant surface gene mutations (sT125S, sA128V, sQ129H/R, sT131I, sC137S, sT143M, sD144D/E, sG145R, sT148P) and the majority of clustered/multiple as well as drug selected immune escape HBsAg mutations were more prevalent
HBV genotypes and drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral treatment-naive and treatment-experienced HBV-HIV-coinfected patients.
Method: The sequences were examined for known vaccine escape mutations (sG145R/A, sP142S, sI/T126A/N/I/S, sQ129H/R, sM133L, sD144A/E, sP120S/E, sK141E, sP134I, and sT116N), immunoprophylaxis escape mutations (
Genotyping and Mutation Pattern in the Overlapping MHR Region of HBV Isolates in Southern Khorasan, Eastern Iran.
Abstract: The most amino acid substitutions of surface protein were Q129H (34.42%) and A168V (8.2%), other escape mutants observed in this study were P127L/T, S117G, T125M, S143L, D144E and E164D.
Table: D144E
Discussion: Sayan reported multiple HBV vaccine-escape mutations (S143T, D144E, G145R, E164D, I195M), of which 3 of them (D144E, S143L and E164D<
Impact of HBV genotypes A and D genetic variability on infection evolution.
PMID: 25989376
2015
Infection, genetics and evolution
1Abstract: Mutations associated with immune-escape (T131N, D144A/E, G145K), amino acid polymorphisms in ""a determinant"" domain of S protein and mutations/deletions in preC/C region were found in isolates from acute and chronic hepatitis B cases."
Hepatitis B surface antigen genetic elements critical for immune escape correlate with hepatitis B virus reactivation upon immunosuppression.
Abstract: Of the 13 HBsAg mutations found in these patients, 8 of 13 (M103I-L109I-T118K-P120A-Y134H-S143L-D144E-S171F) reside in a major hydrophilic loop (target of neutralizing antibodies [Abs]); some of them are already known to hamper HBsAg recognition by humoral response.
HBV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2017
Yonsei medical journal
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