Introduction: Moreover, some of the mutations in HBsAg, such as D144A, Q129R, and G145R, could reduce binding to HBsAbs from the hepatitis B vaccination, bypassing the neutralizing activity of these antibodies (antibody escape) and result in infecting HBV-vaccinated individuals.
Evaluation of the pol/S Gene Overlapping Mutations in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in Northern Cyprus.
PMID: 31880877
2019
Polish journal of microbiology
Result: The mutation patterns were sI110L + sS193L, sP120L + + sT123N + sT126I + sA128V + s
Discussion: sP120T, Sm133I, Ss143L, sD144A/E, sD145R and Se164D are the most frequently detected typical HBsAg escape mutations in CHB patients.
Nearly half of Ultrio plus NAT non-discriminated reactive blood donors were identified as occult HBV infection in South China.
Discussion: Although previous studies have already confirmed that the mutations in MHR, especially in the 'a' determinant influenced the virus antigenicity and were significantly associated with vaccine escape, we observed that the vaccine escaped mutations occurred frequently in the 'a' determinant (T116 N (4.3%), P120S (4.3%),
Discussion: Some mutations such as Q101R, S167 L, V168A, R169H, S174 N, L175S, V177A, Q129R, D144E/A and G145A/R were in concordance with previous studies.
Molecular and serological characterization of hepatitis B vaccine breakthrough infections in serial samples from two plasma donors.
Discussion: The most frequently reported mutations at amino acid 144 result in substitution of alanine, histidine, or glutamic acid for aspartic acid (D144A/E/H).
Patterns of hepatitis B virus S gene escape mutants and reverse transcriptase mutations among genotype D isolates in Jordan.
Result: Twelve mutations including diagnostic escape mutations (sY100C, sR122K, sT123A,
Discussion: sD144A was the predominant mutation among genotype D sequences isolated from blood donors.
Discussion: Additionally, WC33 had the dual secondary escape mutations sY134H and sD144A associated with HBV reactivation.
Discussion: Together with sD144A they reside in the immunogenic segment (aa 139 -149) and have been extensively discussed by Verheyen et al in correlation with reactivation.
Deep sequencing of hepatitis B surface antigen gene in the preserved umbilical cords in immunoprophylaxis failure against mother-to-child HBV transmission.
2Conclusion: However, D144A (2.5%) and G145A (11.2%), which were located in the ""a"" determinant region, were detected as a minor population in the serum of the 2nd-born child."
Abstract: In Family 2, the deep sequencing showed no VEMs in the umbilical cords, but it detected D144A (2.5%) and G145A (11.2%) mutants in the serum of the 2nd-born child.
Conclusion: G44E,
Conclusion: Both D144A and G145A were reported to be VEMs.
Table: D144A
Discussion: However, D144A and G145A mutants were detected by the deep sequencing as minor populations in the serum of the 2nd-born child of Family 2.
Nucleic Acid Polymers Are Active against Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection In Vitro.
Abstract: NAP antiviral activity was effective against HDV virions bearing the main hepatitis B virus (HBV) immune escape substitutions (D144A and G145R) and was pangenomic with regard to HBV envelope proteins.
Immune-escape mutations and stop-codons in HBsAg develop in a large proportion of patients with chronic HBV infection exposed to anti-HBV drugs in Europe.
Method: In addition, we looked for Vaccine Escape Mutants (VEMs) and polymorphic mutations outside (Y100C, Q101H, S117N, T118R and P120S) and within the HBsAg immuno-dominant 'a' determinant (I/T126A/N, A128V, Q129H/R, G130N, M133L/T, K141E, S143L, D144A/H/E and G145R).
HBV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2019
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