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 IV mutation literature information.


  Improved in vitro Efficacy of Baloxavir Marboxil Against Influenza A Virus Infection by Combination Treatment With the MEK Inhibitor ATR-002.
 PMID: 33679636       2021       Frontiers in microbiology
Introduction: The PA-I38T substitution strongly reduced PA susceptibility to BXA.
Method: PA I38T mutation in pMP-PA-Gi /-Vic and absence of PCR introduced errors in purified plasmid DNA was confirmed by sequencing using gene-specific primers and vector-specific primers (Supplementary Table 2).
Method: Briefly, the complete set of eight vectors encoding the vRNA of wild type and variant rgA/Victoria/3/75 (rgH3N2-WT, rgH3N2-PA-I38T) and rgA/Giessen/6/2009 (rgH1N1-WT, rgH1N1-PA-I38T) were co-transfected into a co-culture of 293T/MDCK-II cells.
Method: Relevant primer pairs (Supplementary Table 1) were used for site-directed m


  Identification of Important N-Linked Glycosylation Sites in the Hemagglutinin Protein and Their Functional Impact on DC-SIGN Mediated Avian Influenza H5N1 Infection.
 PMID: 33451024       2021       International journal of molecular sciences
Abstract: Furthermore, combined mutations (N27Q&N39Q) significantly waned the interaction on either H5N1-PVs or -RG infection in cis and in trans (p < 0.01).
Abstract: Human recombinant DC-SIGN (rDC-SIGN) coated ELISA showed that H5N1-PVs bound to DC-SIGN, however, mutation on the N27Q, N39Q, and Method: The pHW1203-HA with different N-linked glycosylation mutations including N26Q, N27Q, N39Q, N170Q, N181Q, N209Q, N302Q, N500Q, N599Q and other combination of mutations were generated.


  Can molecular dynamics explain decreased pathogenicity in mutant camphecene-resistant influenza virus?
 PMID: 33480324       2021       Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics
Abstract: Specifically, camphecene causes a significant mutation in HA (V615L).


  Mutations during the adaptation of H7N9 avian influenza virus to mice lungs enhance human-like sialic acid binding activity and virulence in mice.
 PMID: 33515926       2021       Veterinary microbiology
Abstract: Sequence analysis showed that the two viruses differed by 27 amino acids distributed among six genes, containing changes in PB2 (E627K, D701N) and HA (Q226L) genes.


  Characterization of the low-pathogenic H7N7 avian influenza virus in Shanghai, China.
 PMID: 33518109       2021       Poultry science
Abstract: Mutations were found in HA (A135 T, T136S, and T160 A [H3 numbering]), M1 (N30D and T215 A), NS1 (P42S and D97 E), PB2 (R389 K), and PA (N383D) proteins; these mutations have been shown to be related to mammalian adaptation and changes in virulence of AIVs.
Discussion: In this study, no key amino acid mutations were found in PB2, especially the E627 K and D701 N mutations, which have b


  Design, synthesis, and bioassay of 4-thiazolinone derivatives as influenza neuraminidase inhibitors.
 PMID: 33540229       2021       European journal of medicinal chemistry
Abstract: In addition, D41 showed low toxicity and greater potency than reference compounds Oseltamivir and Amantadine against N1-H275Y variant in cellular assays.


  Role of the Chaperone Protein 14-3-3epsilon in the Regulation of Influenza A Virus-Activated Beta Interferon.
 PMID: 34379499       2021       Journal of virology
Abstract: Influenza A virus expressing C terminus-truncated NS1 with a T49A mutation dramatically increases IFN-beta mRNA in infected cells and causes slower replication than that of virus without the T-to-A mutation.


  Structural and Thermodynamic Analysis of the Resistance Development to Pimodivir (VX-787), the Clinical Inhibitor of Cap Binding to PB2 Subunit of Influenza A Polymerase.
 PMID: 33673017       2021       Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Resu
Result: A considerably less negative Eint of the pimodivir: PB2-F404Y complex can be indicative of the less negative enthalpic term measured by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC).
Result: Additionally, the H357N and F404Y mutations considerably increased the binding affinity of the inhibitor.
Result: Compared to WT, the M431I mutant had minor difference in the thermodynamic parameters of pimodivir binding.


  The active form of the influenza cap-snatching endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir marboxil is a tight binding inhibitor.
 PMID: 33647314       2021       The Journal of biological chemistry
Abstract: Here we studied the mechanisms underlying the high potency of BXA and how the I38T mutation confers resistance to the drug.
Abstract: The apparent inhibitor constant (Kiapp) is 12 nM, while the I38T mutation increased Kiapp by ~18-fold.
Abstract: The collective data support the conclusion that BXA is a tight binding inhibitor and the I38T mutation diminishes these properties.
Introduction: In a recent trial, I38T/M/F substitutions appeared in 9.7% of patients receiving BXM.


  Investigation of genetic variation: Neuraminidase gene of influenza A virus H1N1/pdm09, Shiraz, Iran (2015-2016).
 PMID: 33605468       2021       Journal of medical virology
Abstract: Based on sequencing results, 2 of the 44 sequenced isolates exhibited H275Y substitution, which presented oseltamivir resistance.



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